Abstract : This is a short summary of a journal article that outlines the research focus, methodology, and main findings of a study. The abstract precedes the full text of a journal article. Reading an abstract helps to determine whether the article is of relevance to the reader.
Opsomming : Hierdie is ‘n kort opsomming van ‘n joernaalartikel wat die navorsingsfokus, metodologie en hoofbevindinge van ‘n studie uiteensit. Die opsomming gaan die volledige teks van ‘n tydskrifartikel vooraf. Die lees van ‘n opsomming help om te bepaal of die artikel vir die leser relevant is.
Ushwankathelo : Olu lushwankathelo olufutshane malunga nomxholo oyintloko womthombo wolwazi, ofana nenqaku lejenali. Olu shwankathelo lulandela emva kwesihloko negama/amagama ombhali/ababhali lwandulela isicatshulwa. Kugcino-lwazi lobuxhakaxhaka be-intanethi, ushwankathelo luthi lukhatshwe lucaphulo
Article/Journal article : The journal article is the primary form of communicating research findings within a subject field. Articles are peer-reviewed by experts and are reliable sources of information. Articles are structured logically, with introduction, literature review, methodology, discussion, findings/conclusion. Search for relevant journal articles using uKwazi or a subject database.
Artikel/Joernaal artikel : Die joernaal artikel is die primêre vorm om navorsingsbevindings binne ’n studiegebied te kommunikeer. Artikels word deur deskundiges geëvalueer en is betroubare bronne van inligting. Artikels word logies gestruktureer, met ’n inleiding, literatuuroorsig, metodologie, bespreking, bevindinge/gevolgtrekking. Soek vir relevante joernaal artikels deur gebruik te maak van uKwazi of ‘n onderwerp databasis.
Ijenali/inqaku elipapashiweyo – Inqaku elipapashiweyo yindlela ephambili yokubhaliweyo yokwazisa ngeziphumo zophando kwisifundo esithile. Amanqaku avavanywa ziingcali ezikwinqanaba lombhali yaye zingumthombo othembekileyo wolwazi. Amanqaku ahlelwe ngendlela eqiqileyo nenobunzululwazi,, iquka intshayelelo, ukuhlelwa kweencwadi ezihlalutyiweyo, indlela yophando, ingxoxo, iziphumo zophando nesigqibelo. Khangela iijenali namanqaku asemdleni wakho usebenzisa uKwazi okanye uvimba wolwazi
Author : A person who has produced/cre ated a written work (essay, article, book, novel, play, short story, etc.). Academic texts are often co-authored by several scholars who have worked closely in a research pro-ject. Sometimes the name of an organisation is given as the author, eg, United Nations.
Skrywer : ‘n Persoon wat ‘n geskrewe werk vervaardig / geskep het (opstel, artikel, boek, roman, toneelstuk, kortverhaal, ens.). Akademiese tekste is dikwels mede-outeur van verskeie vakkundiges wat nou saamgewerk het in ‘n navorsingsprojek. Soms word die naam van ‘n organisasie as die outeur gegee, bv. Verenigde Nasies.
Umbhali : Umntu ovelise / oyile umsebenzi obhaliweyo (isincoko, inqaku, incwadi, inoveli, umdlalo, ibali elifutshane, njl. njl.). Izicatshulwa zemfundo zihlala zibhalwa ngokubambisana ngabaphengululi abaliqela abaye basebenza ngokusondeleyo kwiprojekthi yophando. Ngamanye amaxesha igama lombutho linikwa njengombhali, umzekelo, iZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Bibliographic record : The publication details of a specific item (eg, title, author/s, publisher, date of publication) appear in a rec-ord appearing within a library catalogue or database. You will often find other information, such as sub-ject keywords, links to access the item or the shelf number of a physical book.
Bibliografiese rekord: Die publikasie besonderhede van ’n spesifieke item (bv. titel, outeur/s, uitgewer, datum van publikasie) verskyn in ’n rekord wat binne ‘n biblioteek katalogus of databasis verskyn. Jy sal dikwels ander inligting vind, soos onderwerp sleutelwoorde, skakels om toegang tot die item of die raknommer van ‘n fisiese boek te kry.
Ingxelo ngoluhlu lweencwadi – Okupapashiweyo kunika ingxelo ecacileyo ngomba othile ngokubhaliweyo (umz. Isihloko,um/ababhali, umpapashi, ixesha lokupapasha) kuze kubonakale njengengxelo evelayo kwikhathalogu yethala lencwadi okanye kuvimba wolwazi. Uyakuthanda ukufumana nolunye ulwazi, njengamagama aphambili esifundo, iindlela ezikukhokelela kumasango emiba ethile okanye amanqwanqwa neenombolo iincwadi ezibekwe phantsi kwazo.
A bibliography is a complete list of the readings that you have done for an assignment or research paper. It includes the background readings or other material that you may have read, but not actually cited within your paper.
Bibliografie, Sien ook Verwysings lys – ‘n Bibliografie is ’n volledige lys van die lesings wat jy vir ’n werkopdrag of navorsingsreferaat gedoen het. Dit sluit die agtergrondlesing of ander materiaal in wat jy dalk gelees het, maar nie eintlik in jou referaat aangehaal is nie
Ibhibhliyografi/ Uluhlu lweencwadi ezisetyenzisiweyo khangela Imithombo yolwazi esetyenzisiweyo – Ibhibhliyografi/Imithombo epheleleyo yolwazi esetyenzisiweyo luluhlu oluneenkcukacha zako konke okucatshuliweyo nokukhankanyiweyo kumsebenzi wakho, kwakunye noluhlu lweencwadi umntu azifundileyo gabalala malunga nomsebenzi lowo okanye ezinye iincwadi okunokuthi kanti umntu uzifundile, kodwa engakhange acaphule kuzo.
The library catalogue is a list of all items held in the library. The UWC Library online catalogue is called uKwazi and is available on the Library homepage. Search the catalogue to find materials for your studies. If you know the title of the item you are needing, enter the title. Otherwise enter a subject keyword to find information sources on your topic. See Bibliographic record. And Keyword
Katalogus – Die biblioteek katalogus is ’n lys van alle items wat in die biblioteek gehou word. Die UWK Biblioteek se aanlyn katalogus is bekend as uKwazi en is beskikbaar op die Biblioteek tuisblad. Deursoek die katalogus om materiaal vir jou studies te vind. As jy weet wat die titel is van die item wat jy nodig het, sleutel die titel in. Andersins voer ‘n sleutelwoord van die onderwerp in om bronne oor jou onderwerp te vind. Sien Bibliografiese rekord. En sleutelwoord.
Iikhatalogu /uluhlu lweencwadi – Ikhathalogu luluhlu loko kukwikwingqokelela ecwangcisiweyo ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzisi bayo bakwazi ukuphinda bafumane ugcino-ngxelo (record) lwento nganye ngokukhangela iindawo ehlelwe yabhalwa yabhalwe phantsi kwayo, oko kukuthi, isihloko, umbhali, umxholo, njl.njl.
Copyright is a legal right that protects the rights of authors. A copyright statement indicates that original texts or creative content may not copied, downloaded, distributed or otherwise shared, without permission. The most common forms of copyrighted materials are texts, visual images, music and films/videos. Short excerpts from publications (eg, one chapter from a book; or one article from a journal) may be lawfully photocopied or downloaded to support personal study.
Kopiereg – Kopiereg is ’n wettige reg wat die regte van outeurs beskerm. ’n Kopiereg verklaring dui aan dat oorspronklike tekste of kreatiewe inhoud nie sonder toestemming gekopieer, afgelaai, versprei of andersins gedeel mag word nie. Die mees algemene vorme van kopiereg materiaal is tekste, visuele beelde, musiek en films/video’s. Kort uittreksels uit publikasies (bv. ’n hoofstuk uit ’n boek, of ’n artikel uit ‘n joernaal) kan wettiglik gefotokopieer of afgelaai word om persoonlike studie te ondersteun.
Ilungelo lokushicilela /lobunikazi bolwazi – Ilungelo loshicilelo nobunikazi bunikazi bolwazi luhlobo lokhuseleko ngokusemthethweni kungolwazi nezimvo zabantu ngeendlela ezithile. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zoku: kokubhaliweyo, imifanekiso ebonakalayo, umculo kunye nemifanekiso/ imiboniso eshukumayo.
A DOI is a string of numbers and letters that uniquely identifies a specific online publication. A DOI is an electronic link that provides an easy way for readers to access a source listed in a bibliography/list of references. The DOI appears on the front page of a journal article.
Examples:
DOI: 10.1111/hequ.12238
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102637
DOI (Digitale Objek Identifiseerder) – ’n DOI is ’n string syfers en letters wat ’n spesifieke aanlyn publikasie uniek identifiseer. ’n DOI is ’n elektroniese skakel wat ’n maklike manier bied vir lesers om toegang te verkry tot ’n bron wat in ’n bibliografie/lys van verwysings gelys is. Die DOI verskyn op die voorblad van ’n joernaal artikel.
Voorbeelde:
DOI: 10.1111/hequ.12238
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102637
isalathisi ngolwazi olukumaza e-intanethi – IDOI luthotho lwamanani noonobumba abanikisa ngendlela eyodwa iinkcukacha ngokupapashwa kwi-intanethi koko kubhaliweyo. IDOI lunxibelelwano olunika indlela elula kubafundi ukuba bakwazi ukufumana umthombo njengoko uhleliwe kuluhlu lweencwadi ezicatshulwayo. IDOI ivela kwiphepha elisekuqaleni kwinqaku lejenali.
Umzekelo:
10.1111/hequ.12238
https://doi.org/10.1016/j/nepr.2019.102637
When you are assigned a reading or wish to obtain and read an article, you will need to find the full-text of the reading. A full-text database provides links to the entire text of the journal articles. By contrast, a bibliographic database provides only a bibliographic record. In this case you will need to source the article full text by locating the journal in which the article appears. Use FullTextFinder to locate the journal you need. The specific journal, date, volume and issue number is identified in the bibliographic record.
Volledige teks – Wanneer jy aangewys word na ’n leesstuk of wanneer jy besluit om ’n artikel te lees, sal jy die volledige teks van die leesstuk moet vind. ’n Volledige teks databasis verskaf skakels na die hele teks van die artikels. Daarenteen verskaf ‘n bibliografiese databasis slegs ’n bibliografiese rekord. In hierdie geval sal jy die volledige teks van die artikel moet verkry deur die joernaal waarin die artikel verskyn, op te spoor. Gebruik FullTextFinder om die joernaal wat jy benodig op te spoor. Die spesifieke joernaal, datum, volume en uitgawe nommer word in die bibliografiese rekord geïdentifiseer.
Isicatshulwa/isiqendu esipheleleyo – Umthombo wolwazi ofumaneka kubuxhakaxhaka balemihla esinikezela ngesicatshulwa esipheleleyo somsebenzi othile okanye amanqaku apapashwe kwijenali enye okanye ezingaphezu kwesinye , iimagazini, kunye/okanye amaphephandaba.
In addition to providing a reference list at the end of a piece of academic writing, writers also supply in-text references to indicate exactly where the ideas of others have been used.
Here is an example of in-text referencing. [chosen fairly randomly – please replace with other!]
The capability approach has been accused of being too individualistic, paying insufficient attention to groups or other social structures (Corbridge, 2002). Nonetheless, Robeyns (2003) argues that this approach acknowledges and embraces ethical individualism that is, viewing individuals as subjects of moral concern.
The red words provide in-text referencing to show that the author has paraphrased ideas of other authors . In-text referencing is mostly indicated in brackets, but may also appear in the form of footnotes. The act of in-text references is also known as “citing” a work. See Referencing
In-teks verwysing – Benewens tot die verskaffing van ’n bronnelys aan die einde van ’n akademiese werkstuk, verskaf skrywers ook in-teksverwysings om aan te dui presies waar ander se idees gebruik is.
Hier is ‘n voorbeeld van in-teks verwysing.
Vervolgens verkry hierdie politiesgeïnspireerde moment van vroue-aktivisme sedert die begin van die 21ste eeu ikoniese status vir swart en wit vroue wat die gaping tussen die feminismes wil oorbrug (De Jong en Murray, 2017). De Jong en Murray (2017) is verder van mening dat feministiese bewuswording soortgelyk aan die tweedegolffeminisme van die Noorde teen die 1980’s ’n verskyning in Suid-Afrika maak, veral eers in Engelstalige verband.
Die rooi woorde verskaf in-teks verwysings om te wys dat die skrywer idees van ander outeurs geparafraseer het. In-teksverwysings word meestal tussen hakies aangedui, maar kan ook in die vorm van ’n voetnota verskyn. Die handeling van in-teks verwysings staan ook bekend as ’n werk “aanhaal”. Sien Verwysings.
ucaphulo oluphakathi kwisicatshulwa/inqaku – Ukongeza ekunikezeleni ngoluhlu lweencwadi ezingumthombo wolwazi ekubheleni koko ukubhalileyo emveni kophandoaabhali baphinde banikeze iinkcukacha ngomthombo wolwazi kwalapha kwisicatshulwa ukubonisa ncakasana ukuba kusetyenziswe izimvo zabanye abantu yaye zithatyathwe phi na.
Nanku umzekelo wocaphulo oluphakathi kwisicatshulwa/inqaku
La magama abomvu abonisa . ucaphulo oluphakathi kwisicatshulwa/inqaku ukubonisa ukuba umbhali ushwankathele izimvo zabanye ababhali.. Ucaphulo oluphakathi kwisicatshulwa/inqaku luboniswa ngokufakwa kwizibiyeli, kodwa kungaphinda kubhalwe ngokunyathelisa ezantsi kwephepha. Ukwenza ucaphulo oluphakathi kwisicatshulwa/inqaku kuphinda kubizwe njengoku ‘caphula’ khangela kwakhona Ucaphulo
A publication with a set title, with separate issues appearing at regular and stated intervals (eg. quarterly),. Scholarly journals publish articles which report research findings of academic researchers. Journals are published for specialised readership, eg, Journal of Earth Sciences or South African Journal of Psychology.. Published issues appearing within a specific year appear in a numbered volume and are also individually numbered. For example, Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 81, issue 3. See also Peer Review; See DOI
Joernaal – ‘n Publikasie met ‘n vaste titel, met afsonderlike uitgawes wat met gereelde en gestelde intervalle (bv. kwartaalliks) verskyn. Wetenskaplike joernale publiseer artikels wat navorsingsbevindings van akademiese navorsers rapporteer. Joernale word vir gespesialiseerde leserspubliek gepubliseer, bv. Tydskrif vir Aardwetenskappe of Suid-Afrikaanse Joernaal vir Sielkunde. Gepubliseerde uitgawes wat binne ’n spesifieke jaar verskyn, verskyn in ’n genommerde bundel en word ook individueel genommer. Byvoorbeeld, Joernaal vir Kunsmatige Intelligensie, Jaargang 81, uitgawe 3. Sien ook Portuur beoordeling; Sien DOI
Ijenali/incwadana yanqaku epapashiweyo – Upapasho olunesihloko esibekiweyo, olukhutshwa ngamaxesha abekiweyo naxeliweyo (umz. ngekota), Amanqaku ejenali ezingophando zipapasha amanqaku anika ingxelo ngeziphumo zophando zabaphandi abajolise kumanqaku azakufundwa kumaziko emfundo. Iijenali zenzelwe ukuba zifundwe ngabantu abakhethekileyo. Umz Journal of Earth Sciences or South African Journal of Psychology Amanqaku akhutshwayo kwijenali abhalwa ngokulandelelanayo aphawulwe kwanjalo (umzekelo, Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 81, issue 3.)phinda ukhangele ku Uphononongo lweezinye iingcali ezingogxabakho nakw isalathisi ngolwazi olukumaza e-intanethi iDOI
Researchers combine keywords to search for related literature in library databases.
A subject keyword may be a single word or a short phrase that represents the main topics of focus points of a research inquiry. For example, in the research topic: “The implications of fi-nancial literacy on the success of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) initiated by the youth in economically disadvantaged areas of Cape Town”, the subject keywords are: financial literacy + small and medium enterprises + youth + economically disadvantaged + Cape Town.
Sleutelwoord/e – Navorsers kombineer sleutelwoorde om na verwante literatuur in biblioteek databasisse te soek. ’n Onderwerp sleutelwoord kan ’n enkele woord of ’n kort frase wees wat die hoof onderwerpe van fokus punte van ’n navorsing ondersoek verteenwoordig. Byvoorbeeld, in die navorsing onderwerp: “Die implikasies van finansiële geletterdheid op die sukses van Klein en Medium Ondernemings (KMO’s) wat deur die jeug in ekonomies benadeelde gebiede van Kaapstad geïnisieer is”, is die onderwerp sleutelwoorde: finansiële geletterdheid + klein en medium ondernemings + jeug + ekonomies benadeel + Kaapstad.
Igama eliyintloko(eliphambili)/Amagama ayintloko(aphambili) – Abaphandi badibanisa amagama athiole xa xa bekhangela ulwazi abalufunayo ezincwadini nakuvimba wolwazi.
Igama eliyintloko(eliphambili) iba ligama (okanye ibinzana) elimele isihloko nemiba engumgwalisela kuphando. Umzekelo kuphando ngesihloko ‘’’’amagama aphambili esihloko
A Library database is a searchable archive of reliable resources. Databases provide access to a wealth of research materials from academic journals, newspapers, and magazines. Some library databases are subject-specific (LexisNexis for Law; or MathSciNet for example). Many others are cross-disciplinary, like Ebsco or Springer. Please consult the Databases by Discipline webpage to find databases that are most helpful for your subjects
Biblioteek databasis – ‘n Biblioteek databasis is ’n deursoek argief van betroubare hulpbronne. Databasisse bied toegang tot ’n magdom navorsingsmateriaal uit akademiese joernale, koerante en tydskrifte. Sommige biblioteek databasisse is vir spesifieke onderwerpe (LexisNexis vir Regte; of MathSciNet byvoorbeeld). Ander is kruisdissiplinêr, soos Ebsco of Springer. Raadpleeg asseblief die Databases by Discipline-webblad om databasisse te vind wat die nuttigste vir jou onderwerpe is.
Uvimba wolwazi okwithala leencwadi – Uvimba wolwazi/wedatha wethala leencwadi sisalathiso semisebenzi egciniweyo ngobuxhakaxhaka balemihla epapashiweyo,owenza kubelula ukukhangela ulwazi esithembekileyo. Uvimba wolwazi/wedatha wethala leencwadi luthi lubonelele ngokuthi lwenze kufikeleleke kuluhlu lwezinto zophando eziluncedo ezivela kwiijenali zemfundo, amaphephandaba, kunye neemagazini. Ezinye okanye olunye ugcino (database) lumalunga nezihloko ezikhethekileyo. (LexisNexis for Law; or MathSciNet umzekelo). ’ Ezinye ziphathelene nezihloko ezininzi kodwa ezinganakho nokuzalana nje njengo Ebsco okanye uSpringer. Uyacelwa ukuba xa ukhangela kuvimba wedatha ujonge ikhasi elinesihloko esithile ukwenzela ukuba ukhangele uvimba wedatha ongesifundo sakho.).
A “quality control” and editorial procedure used in academic publishing, whereby several experts (peers) check (review) the validity and accuracy of the content of a document prior to its publication. The peer review process is a distinguishing feature of scholarly journals and is crucial to maintaining high standards, accuracy and authority.
Portuur beoordeling – ’n “Kwaliteitbeheer” en redaksionele prosedure wat in akademiese publikasie gebruik word, waardeur verskeie kundiges (eweknieë) die geldigheid en akkuraatheid van die inhoud van ’n dokument voor die publikasie daarvan nagaan (kontroleer). Die portuur beoordelingsproses is ’n onderskeidende kenmerk van wetenskaplike joernale en is van kardinale belang om hoë standaarde, akkuraatheid en gesag te handhaaf.
Uphononongo lweezinye iingcali ezingogxabakho – Uphononongo lweezinye iingcali ezingogxabakho “Lulawulo lomgangatho” kunye nenkqubo yophononongo esetyenziswayo xa kuza kupapashwa iincwadi namanqaku, apho igqiza leengcali lijonga ukufaneleka (lihlola) ukunyaniseka nokuchaneka kokuqulethwe ngamaxwebhu phambi kokuba apapashwe. Inkqubo yophononongo iluphawu olwahlulayo kwiijenali zabafundi kwaye ibalulekile ekugcineni imigangatho iphezulu, kwakunye negunya okanye amandla ahamba nomgangatho wejenali leyo.
The act of plagiarism occurs when someone presents the ideas or work of others as their own work. This includes:
Ukukopa/ukunyiba umbhalo womnye umntu – Ukukopa/ukunyiba okubhalwe ngomnye umntu kukuthi uvezelise izimvo okanye imisebenzi yomnye umntu ngokungathi yeyakho. Oku kuquka:
- Ukukopa okanye ukubeka ngawakho amazwi umsebenzi womnye umntu ngaphandle kokukhankanya umniniyo njengomvelisi-ngqangi womsebenzi lowo.
- Ukusebenzisa iizimvo zomnye umntu ngaphandle kokumkhankanya.
- Ukusebenza nabanye ngaphandle kwemvume yabo kwanokubonisa umsebenzi ovelisiweyo ngokungathi wenziwe wagqitywa nguwe wedwa ngokuzimeleyo.
Ukunqanda ukukopa , qinisekisa ukuba ulandela imigaqo yocaphulo ngokunikezwe ngumhlohli wakho. Jonga Ucaphulo
- Copying or paraphrasing material from any source without due acknowledgment. This includes websites.
- Using another’s ideas without due acknowledgment
- Working with others without permission and presenting the resulting work as though it was completed independently.
To avoid plagiarism, be sure that you follow the referencing guidelines provided by your lecturer.
See: Referencing
Plagiaat – Die daad van plagiaat vind plaas wanneer iemand die idees of werk van ander as hul eie werk aanbied. Dit sluit in:
- Kopieer of parafraseer materiaal van enige bron sonder behoorlike erkenning. Dit sluit webtuistes in.
- Gebruik ’n ander se idees sonder behoorlike erkenning.
- Werk saam met ander sonder toestemming en die aanbieding van die gevolglike werk asof dit onafhanklik voltooi is.
Om plagiaat te vermy, maak seker dat jy die verwysings riglyne volg wat deur jou dosent verskaf word. Sien: Verwysings
A reference list is a list of the sources you’ve cited in your paper and is intended to give your readers all the information they need to find those sources. Each reference includes publication information such as author, title, date of publication, publisher and DOI or URL.
Verwysings lys – ‘n Verwysings lys is ’n lys van die bronne wat jy in jou referaat aangehaal het en is bedoel om jou lesers al die inligting te gee wat hulle nodig het om daardie bronne te vind. Elke verwysing bevat publikasie inligting soos die skrywer, titel, datum van publikasie, uitgewer en DOI of URL.
Uluhlu lweencwadi ezisetyenzisiweyo – Le yindlela yokuqaphela umthombo wolwazi olusebenzisileyo kuphando olukwiphepha lakho ukuze kufumaniseke lula kubafundi loo mithombo uyisebenzisileyo. Umthombo ngamnye wolwazi ubandakanya iinckcukacha ngopapasho kuquka umbhali, isihloko, umhla wokupapasha, umpapashi ne DOI kwakunuye ne URL
Is a way of acknowledging the sources of information that you used to research and write your assignments. You need to provide a reference whenever you draw on someone else’s words, ideas or research. Different subjects use specific styles of referencing. The commonly used ones are APA (American Psychology Association) and Harvard style. See In-text referencing
Verwysing – ’n manier om erkenning te gee aan die bronne van inligting wat jy vir jou navorsing gebruik het om jou werkopdragte te skryf. Jy moet ’n verwysing verskaf wanneer jy gebruik maak van iemand anders se woorde, idees of navorsing. Verskillende vakke gebruik spesifieke verwysings style. Die mees gebruikte verwysing style is APA (American Psychology Association) en Harvard-styl. Sien In-teks verwysing.
Ukuqatshelwa kocaphulo – Le yindlela yokuqaphela umthombo wolwazi olusebenzisileyo kuphando kwiiasayimenti zakho. Kufuneka unike inkcazelo ngokwalatha umthombo wolwazi rhoqo apho uthe wacaphula khona amazwi omnye umntu izimvo okanye kuphando. Izifundo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucaphula.. iindlela eziqhelekileyo zezi ‘’’’’’’’
A scholarly/ academic source is any text that is written by experts in the discipline or field of study. Scholarly sources are also referred to as “academic” or “peer reviewed sources”. Scholarly sources will always provide a reference list of publications that are cited in the text. Scholarly publishing is a lengthy process because of the peer review process.
Wetenskaplike/akademiese bronne – ’n Wetenskaplike/akademiese bron is enige teks wat deur kundiges in die dissipline of studieveld geskryf is. Daar word ook na wetenskaplike bronne verwys as “akademiese” of “eweknie-geëvalueerde bronne”. Wetenskaplike bronne sal altyd ’n verwysings lys verskaf van publikasies wat in die teks aangehaal word. Wetenskaplike publisering is ’n lang proses as gevolg van die portuur beoordelingsproses.
Imithombo yolwazi esemgangathweni ofanelekileyo – Umthombo wolwazi/ wezifundo osemgangathweni ophezulu ngamanqaku okanye iincwadi ezibhalwe ziingcali kweso sigaba semfundo okanye kwelo khondo. Imithombo yolwazi/yezemfundo esemgangathweni kubhekisa kuko konke okuthe kwaphononongwa ngoogxa bomvelisi nqaku kwezemfundo. Kusoloko kunikezelwa ngoluhlu lwenkcukacha ngokucatshuliweyo.
Non-scholarly sources are texts that are written by persons who are not experts in the subject. Traditionally, newspaper articles or articles from popular magazines are written by professional writers who are not experts in the topics published. You do not find a list of references in non-scholarly sources, and the material is not peer reviewed. However, academic experts may write opinion pieces in newspapers and also communicate their opinions in tweets. These remain non-scholarly sources. A website is also a non-scholarly source.
Nie-wetenskaplike bronne – Nie-wetenskaplike bronne is tekste wat geskryf is deur persone wat nie kundiges in die onderwerp is nie. Tradisioneel word koerantberigte of artikels uit bekende tydskrifte geskryf deur professionele skrywers wat nie kundiges is in die onderwerpe wat gepubliseer word nie. Jy kry nie ’n verwysings lys in nie-wetenskaplike bronne nie, en die materiaal word nie deur die portuur beoordelingsproses geëvalueer nie. Akademiese kenners mag egter meningsrubrieke in koerante skryf en ook hul menings in twiets kommunikeer. Dit bly nie-wetenskaplike bronne. ’n Webwerf is ook ’n nie-wetenskaplike bron.
Imithombo yolwazi engekho semgangathweni ofanelekileyo – Umthombo wolwazi ongekho semgangathweni linqaku okanye incwadi ebhalwe ngumbhali oqeqeshiweyo umzekelo, intatheli kodwa ongeyiyo ingcaphephe kwelo candelo njengamaphephandaba kwakunye neemagazini. Akufane kunikwe bungqina malunga nomthombo wolwazi oluvelisiweyo nalapho kucatshulwe khona yaye umsebenzi lowo awukhange uphonongwe ngoogxa bakhe abaziingcali.
A text, person, or thing from which information originates or can be obtained.
Examples of sources: Tweet, video, book, journal, webpage, newspaper article, a spokesperson or individual person etc.
Bron – ’n Teks, persoon of ding waaruit inligting afkomstig is of verkry kan word. Voorbeelde van bronne: Twiet, video, boek, joernaal, webblad, koerantberig, ’n woordvoerder of individuele persoon, ens.
Umthombo wolwazi – Indawo, apho umntu, okanye into kuvela kuyo okanye ekuphuma kuyo into ethile- Imizekelo yemithombo yolwazi : Incwadi, Ijenali,Amaziko e-Intanethi/ Iwebhusayithi, Inqaku Lephephandaba njl.-njl.
